Medications
The following medications are used for endoscopic sedation. Recommended dosing information is for adults. Click the medication name to see complete information including side effects and risks, common issues, warnings, over-dosage, alternative medications and special circumstances.
Also see Patient Safety Issues with the use of Herbal Supplements
|
|
|
|
Meperidine
(Demerol)
| - Initial dose: 25-50 mg
- Additional doses: doses of 25 mg can be administered every 2-5 minutes until adequate sedation is achieved
- Onset of action: 3-6 min
- Peak effect: 6-7 min
- Duration of effect: 60-180 min
| |
Fentanyl
(Sublimaze)
| - Initial dose: 50-100 mcg
- Additional doses: doses of 25 mcg can be administered every 2-5 minutes until adequate sedation is achieved
- Onset of action: 1-2 minutes
- Peak effect: 3-5 minutes
- Duration of effect: 30-60 minutes
| |
|
Diazepam
(Valium)
| - Initial dose: 5-10 mg
- Onset of action: 2-3 min
- Peak effect: 3-5 min
- Duration of effect: 360 min
| |
Midazolam
(Versed)
| - Initial dose: 1-2 mg
- Additional doses: 1 mg administered at 2-minute intervals
- Onset of action: 1-2 minutes
- Peak effect: 3-4 minutes
- Duration of effect: 15-80 minutes
| |
|
Naloxone
(Narcan)
| - Initial dose: 0.1-0.2 mg
- Additional doses: 0.2-0.4 mg administered intravenously every 2-3 minutes until desired response is attained. Supplemental dose may be necessary after 20-30 minutes.
- Onset of action: 1-2 minutes
- Peak effect: 5 min
- Duration of effect: 30-45 minutes
| |
Flumazenil
(Romazicon)
| - Initial dose: 0.2 mg administered intravenously over 15 seconds*
- Additional doses: If desired consciousness is not reached within 45 seconds, up to 4 additional doses 0.2 mg can be administered at 60 second intervals up to maximum dose
- Onset of action: 1-2 minutes
- Peak effect: 3 minutes
- Duration of effect: 10-15 minutes
- Repeat treatment: If resedation occurs, repeated doses can be administered at 20 minute intervals. No more than 1 mg (given as 0.2 mg/min) should be administered at any one time. No more than 3 mg should be given in any one hour.
| |
| |
Propofol
(Diprivan) | - Initial dose: 10-40 mg
- Additional doses: IV dose of 25-75 mcg/kg per minute; or incremental IV bolus doses of 10-20 mg
- Onset of action: less than 1 minute
- Peak effect: 1-2 minutes
- Duration of effect: 4-8 minutes
| |
| |
Ketamine
(Ketalar)
| - Initial IV dose: 0.5 mg/kg
- Additional doses: Titrate to effect
- Onset of action: Less than 1 minutes
- Peak effect: 1 minutes
- Duration of effect: 10-15 minutes
| |
Nitrous oxide
(Kalinox) | - Initial dose: Titrate to effect
- Onset of action: 2-3 minutes
- Peak effect: Dose dependent
- Duration of effect: 15-30 minutes
| |
Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl Injection)
| - Initial dose: 25-50 mg up to100mg if required
- Onset of action: 2-3 minutes
- Peak effect: 60-90 minutes
- Duration of effect: More than 240 minutes
| |
Promethazine
(Phenergan)
| - One time dose: 12.5- 50 mg
- Onset of action: 2-5 minutes
- Peak effect: Unknown
- Duration of effect: More than 120 minutes
| |
Droperidol
(Inapsine) | - Initial dose: 1.25-2.5 mg via IM or slow IV
- Additional doses: Additional 1.25 mg doses may be administered to achieve the desired effect
- Onset of action: 3-10 minutes
- Peak effect: 30 minutes
- Duration of effect: 120-240 minutes
| |
| |
Atropine
(Atropine Sulfate) | - Initial dose: 0.4-0.6 mg
- Additional doses: 0.4-0.6 mg
- Onset of action: 45-60 seconds
- Peak effect: 2 minutes
- Duration of effect: 1-2 hours
| |
Glucagon
(GlucaGen) | - Dose: 0.25-0.5 mg
- Onset of action: 1 minute
- Duration of effect: 9-17 minutes
-OR-
- Dose: 2 mg*
- Onset of action: 1 minute
- Duration of action: 22-25 minutes
*Use of 2mg dose produces a higher incidence of nausea and vomiting than do lower doses. | |
Top of Page
Last Updated July 22, 2008